Antiquity: the first traces of foot care
The first records of foot care date back to antiquity. The Egyptians, for example, left frescoes showing slaves caring for their masters' feet. In ancient Greece, Hippocrates (460-377 BC) described techniques for treating calluses using instruments similar to modern scalpels.
The Romans continued this tradition. Celsus (25 BC – 50 AD), a famous Roman physician, also mentioned treatments for foot ailments in his work "De Medicina". Roman chiropodists, often slaves or freedmen, played an important role in society, providing care in public baths.
Middle Ages: Neglect of foot care
During the Middle Ages, medicine stagnated and foot care was largely neglected by physicians. Barber-surgeons, responsible for various minor medical tasks, took over this care. However, this period saw little innovation or significant progress in the field of podiatry.
Renaissance and modern times: the first steps towards modern podiatry
The Renaissance marked a turning point with a renewed interest in science and medicine. In 1762, Rousselet, chiropodist surgeon to Louis XV, published pioneering work on corns and other skin conditions. He is often considered the father of modern podiatry.
In 1781, Laforest, a student of Rousselet, published "The Art of Treating Feet", the first complete treatise on pedicure. He began teaching this discipline at the Hôtel des Invalides, contributing to its recognition as a medical specialty.
19th century: the profession becomes structured
The 19th century saw a gradual structuring of the profession. In 1872, the first school of chiropodism-podiatry opened its doors in Paris, offering specialized training. Tobias Koen, chiropodist surgeon to Napoleon I and Charles X, continued to promote the profession.
In 1902, Berthet helped make podiatry a recognized specialty, and in 1928, the profession began to organize itself to obtain official regulation. In 1935, the first union of chiropodists was created, reflecting the need to defend and structure the profession.
20th century: regulation and professionalization
The 1940s were crucial for podiatry. In 1946, a law officially regulated and protected the profession. This period also saw the creation of the first cycle of higher education in podiatry and the founding of the Podiatry Society.
Successive reforms during the 20th century refined the training and skills of podiatrists. In 1972, a decree established the conditions for practicing the profession, and in 1988, a new law strengthened training standards, establishing a state diploma.
Creation of the National Order of Chiropodists-Podiatrists
In 2006, the National Order of Chiropodists and Podiatrists (ONPP) was established to organize and regulate the profession. The ONPP plays a central role in ensuring continuing education, professional ethics and the quality of care. It also ensures the profession is represented by public authorities and health bodies.
Contemporary podiatry: innovation and specialization
Today, podiatrists are highly trained specialists who can diagnose and treat a wide range of foot disorders. Their training includes skills in biomechanics, dermatology, and general pathology. They use advanced technologies to manufacture orthotics and perform minor surgical procedures.
Challenges and future prospects
The podiatry profession continues to face many challenges. The aging of the population leads to an increase in chronic pathologies affecting the feet, requiring specialized care. Podiatrists must also adapt to technological developments and new therapeutic approaches.
Clinical research in podiatry is growing, allowing for improved treatments and prevention techniques. Collaborations with other health professionals are becoming more common, reinforcing the importance of interdisciplinarity in foot care.
The history of podiatry is a fascinating journey through the ages. From ancient times to the present day, this profession has evolved to become an essential medical specialty. Thanks to pioneering figures and rigorous regulation, today's podiatrists continue to innovate and adapt to provide quality care to their patients.
The profession is now well established, with high standards of training and official recognition. Podiatrists play a crucial role in maintaining the mobility and well-being of the population, illustrating the importance of foot care in overall health.
For more information on the history of the podiatry profession, you can consult the website of the National Order of Chiropodists-Podiatristshere .
